Category Archives: Environment

Up and Down – Slender Christmas Tree Story

Got a white spruce for a Christmas-tree for the town out of the spruce swamp opposite J. Farmer’s. It is remarkable how few inhabitants of Concord can tell a spruce from a fir, and probably not two a white from a black spruce, unless they are together…How slender his [the villager’s] relation to the spruce tree! Thoreau, Journal, 12/22/53

In the town hall this evening, my white spruce tree, one of the small ones in the swamp, hardly a quarter the size of the largest, looked double its size, and its top had been cut off for want of room. It was lit with candles, but the starlit sky is far more splendid to-night than an saloon. Thoreau, Journal, 12/24/53

As a boy, I saw the arrival of our Christmas tree as a great event. It signaled a nearness that lit the nondescript (as I saw them) gray days of early December, when my trudge home from school exhausted what was left of the daylight. It was the stockpile of wrapped boxes around the tree that excited me, really; no religious fervor swept through out secular household. The nearest church was a half-mile walk away, and we didn’t make that walk in any season. But the season seized us all.

We bought our tree from a used car lot that gave up on autos after Thanksgiving. My father spent long (too long, I thought) minutes combing the lot for “the tree,” standing them on end, having me reach in through the prickles and hold the trunk upright, while he stepped back and did an appraising 360 of it. “This one’s good, dad,” I’d say, and he’d reply, “Set it down. Let’s look at that one over there.”

That changed when I turned eleven. That year, my parents, after much hemming and hawing, bought an old, wood-heated, unplumbed farmhouse in midstate New Hampshire. Some years and much work down the road, it was to be their retirement home, when they left the school that housed us. Across the road from the house was a deeply-furrowed, failed potato field. That summer, my father announced that that field would, some years future, fund my brother’s and my college tuition. “With potatoes, dad?” I asked.

Not with spuds, it turned out. Instead, during three hot days, we four planted 1,000 balsam fir seedlings, and, as we watered them against summer drought, we waited for them to grow. Each year, while we waited, we thrashed about our new woodlands, selecting a “wild” tree for Christmas.

That wait stretched over some years: college tuitions rose faster than the trees, and it wasn’t until I was a junior that we were able to sell some to the local Lions Club, which, in turn sold them in town. The few hundreds of dollars realized helped buy some gifts, and then, suddenly, the remaining trees were too tall.

As a new-fledged adult, or no-longer-kid, I still drove north each December, and, along the field’s fringe found a tree to cut, haul and decorate. At some point as I hovered near actual adulthood, I decided I would have one last tree and then stop cutting them. (Now, for example, we string lights on our Christmas driftwood, a pale pine branch stripped of all its bark and delivered by the sea, but with its fine fingers intact.)

Foundling lit

Foundling lit

For this final tree, I looked up and thought, why not a treetop, with its symmetry and leader-finger pointing at the sky? Later that day, small bucksaw in hand, I climbed a 25-foot balsam (yes, one that had been a 6-inch slip in that long-ago July field) and figured on taking its top 8 feet. It was a bit of a struggle past the thick branches, and I had trouble staying close enough to the trunk to climb, but eventually I got there. This top will look good lit, I thought, and I set to sawing, holding on with one hand, cutting with the other.

As many will attest, the crown of a balsam fir is…well…its crown, and, as I completed my cut, I made sure to get a grip on the top 8 feet so they wouldn’t pitch over and land crown first, thereby fracturing and ruining the crown effect. (Perhaps you can spot trouble on the way.)

I finished my cut, lifted the 8-foot section up and tossed it out so its butt would fall first. Then, I looked at my hands: one held the saw, the other held nothing.

Like Wily Coyote, I had time to register that there was a problem; then I looked down. I grabbed for the tree, but already I was falling back. Even as I picked up speed, I had time to think, Wow, this is Darwin-worthy, or, if I wanted mythic, How Icarian. Then I hit the earth.

Post-descent note: an early 6-inch snow had arrived a day before, and so my landing was cushioned; also I hit a flat, mossy patch of ground, had only my breath knocked from me. I lay there looking up; the tree looked down. Since then, I’ve kept to the ground and every holiday “tree” has been a foundling.

Against the dark

Against the dark

Easy Walker

Each town should have a park, or rather a primitive forest, of five hundred or a thousand acres, where a stick should never be cut for fuel, a common possession forever, for instruction and recreation … All Walden Wood might have been preserved for our park forever, with Walden in its midst, and the Easterbrooks Country, an unoccupied area of some four square miles, might have been our huckleberry-field.
— Thoreau, Journal, 15 October 1859

Happily, much of what Thoreau thought “might have been” has come to pass in Concord and Lincoln. And many, most, who visit these pages can sign on to such sentiment. But how, in these people-heavy times do we keep other lands free…of us? For many, putting land “in conservation” offers answer. That act can take a number of forms, but one that interests me here is the nicely titled conservation easement.

Part of what got saved at Walden

Part of what got saved at Walden

We are curious, expansive beings, ever nosing here and there, often settling in places where a first visit brings on a rush of exclamation: “It’s so beautiful! I wish I lived here.” And then, sometimes, we set about trying to do so. Beauty draws the heart, and often activates the hands. But once we set to with our building instinct, the results affect that beautiful place, and beauty itself. A little land rush of many of us compounds that effect; a beautiful place can become just another settlement. Conserving, saving, wildness and beauty then requires some way of easing that rush, holding us off.

Enter the easement. An easement in its simple form is a voluntary legal agreement made between a property owner and a land trust or government agency that permanently restricts certain land uses and activities. So, for example, a developer who offers a town a conservation easement on a 30-acre portion of a 60-acre subdivision could say that there will never be any houses or other development on those 30 acres. Once that agreement’s made, it’s up to the town to monitor whether it’s abided by.

Some easement land in my town

Some easement land in my town

Enter next, in my town’s case, the Conservation Commission, checker, among other duties, of easements.

It’s a middling summer day, enough heat to make me rue the blue jeans I pull on as guard against thorns, brush and, the new primary fear, deer ticks, but not so hot as to make you feel under the sun’s thumb. Two of us, members of our town’s Conservation Commission, meet a planning department intern at town hall, then drive to a stash of woodland that extends over 50 acres adjacent to a new development. We three are there to walk the easement boundary that marks the set-aside acres that the developer has said he won’t touch; these acres will be, by contract, forever wild…or, given nearby houses, wildish.

Surprise greets us as we pull up at the end of the dirt road: a logging operation is in full gnaw, its cuttings – 50 or 60-year old hardwoods – stacked by claw in a waiting truck. Quick consultation with the easement language says that part of this forest will also be “working.” Okay, add more “ish” to the word “wild.”

Still, we soon outwalk the cutting, and in the quiet woods fall to our primary task – following the easement borders by finding signs of that border. Those signs are three: best is a town “medallion” tacked to a tree as notice of easement boundary; next is some unofficial but prominent marker – a small cairn, a pipe driven into ground, a strip of orange “flagging”; last is the rusted wire bound of the old field this woodland once was. We fan out. I have a photocopied aerial of the woods; my fellow commission member uses her phone’s gps; our intern has the sharp eyes of youth.

Medallion - a best marker

Medallion – a best marker of conservation land

We nose our way along the wiggly border, which, on the map, is a straight line. Just as woodwalkers grow gradually adept at following animal tracks, we get better at spotting sign of easement; this saved patch takes live shape as we walk. What also emerges during our slow passage are some of the woods’ little secrets – a knob of ledge jutting whitely from the duff, a bull-pine rising well above the canopy, deer tracks in the mud of a hidden dell.

In the course of our tracings, a couple of hours slip by; we emerge from thick woods at the top of a field. The high grasses stretch down to a wink of pond, and a breeze stirs the field. To our west, the sky thickens and darkens; thunder grumbles announcement. We search for sign and find a driven metal pipe topped with orange flagging at field’s edge. Both map and gps say the rest of our walk’s a simply crossing of field and walking of road.

Time then to ease back for a moment and watch this conserved field bask in the late summer sun – birds cruise for insects, grasses bend heavy with seed; pines crowd the clearing’s edge. This land’s slow future’s easy to read, a good story lined out for an easement-walker.

Plain Pitch Pine

The expression “a pitch pine plain” is but another name for a poor and sandy level. Journal, Thoreau, 11/26/60

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Morning of fog, a quiet gray in which the jay squalls. And I am thinking of the pitch pines, whose trunks rise like columns of smoke in the midst of our town Commons. My thoughts are born both of the morning’s stillness, which has a treelike calm, and of Henry Thoreau’s attention to pitch pines in his journal from late 1860.

I arrive at my journal readings much as a windbourne seed arrives at its patch of ground, where it will either languish or “take.” It turns out to be exactly a morning for reading about trees. The fractious and fractured world recedes when I consider these columns of patience and the way they succeed in unpromising ground, and today, as in many recent days, that seems necessary.

Often, during passes through our “poor and sandy level” in the Commons, I collect one or two sprigs of pitch pine and carry them home. There, they make a handsome reminder for a week or so before they dry and go over to tan color.

Handsome reminder

Handsome reminder

Pitch pines also attract me because they implicitly consider what’s next. Where and how they grow always tends toward a next forest; they are not usually a climax tree. In these entries, Thoreau is working out forest succession, wondering at the way cut-over Concord forest regenerates. And I suppose that by thinking about trees, rather than the news of the world, I am doing the same.

I like too the exuberant needle-burrs that grow directly from the trunk, a “habit shared only by the pond pine,” my Sibley Guide to Trees points out. These tufts look like little explosions of thought from the dark, scaled bark.

Whenever a strong wind has blown through, the woods are full of these little blowdowns. The thick bunches of dense needles that sometimes curve and swirl as they grow must catch the wind and overwhelm the soft joint with the tree. I have a lot choice as I walk.

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